American Realities with Bill Youngs
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    • Gods Messengers: Religious Leadership in Colonial New England, 1700-1750 >
      • Table of Contents
      • Preface
      • Chapter 1: The Ministers and Their Times
      • Chapter 2: The Minister's Calling
      • Epilogue
      • Appendix: Length of Ministerial Settlement
      • Abbreviations
    • The Congregationalists >
      • Timeline
      • Bibliographic Dictionary of Leaders
    • Eleanor Roosevelt: A Personal and Public Life >
      • Prologue: The South Pacific, 1943 >
        • Eleanor Roosevelt South Pacific
      • A Victorian Family
      • The Legacy
      • Growing Up
      • Eleanor and Franklin
      • A Politician's Wife
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      • On Her Own
    • American Realities (Book) >
      • History as a Story
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      • Volume One >
        • The Native Americans
        • The English Background
        • The British American
        • Reform in Colonial America
        • Divided Loyalties
        • The American Revolution
        • Testing the Constitution
        • Republican Nationalism
        • The Limits of Jacksonian Democracy
        • Abolitionists and Anti-abolitionists
        • Texas Revolution
        • Reform in the Early Republic
        • Manifest Destiny
        • A Slave's Story
        • The Civil War >
          • Two Soldiers
      • Volume Two >
        • The “Taming” of the West
        • Beyond Emancipation
        • The New Industrial Era
        • The Birth of Environmentalism
        • New Immigrants
        • Expanding American Democracy
        • World War I
        • Modernity versus Tradition
        • The New Deal
        • Total War
        • The Cold War
        • The Civil Rights Movement
        • Turmoil on the Campuses
        • The New Computer Age
        • America, the Cold War, and Beyond
      • Additional Essays >
        • Norsemen in the New World
    • The Fair and the Falls >
      • Part I: Possessing the Falls >
        • Chapter One: James Glover: Purchasing the Falls
        • Chapter Two: Waiting for the Indians
        • Chapter Three: Harnessing the Falls
        • Chapter Four: "The World's Fair of the Northwest"
        • Chapter Five: The City Beside the Falls
      • Part II: Rediscovering the Falls >
        • Chapter Six: The Twilight of Old Spokane
        • Chapter Seven: Urban Blight and Urban Renewal
        • Chapter Eight: King Cole and The Heart of a City
        • Chapter Nine: Visualizing a World's Fair
      • Part III Redesigning the Falls >
        • Chapter Ten: From Spokane to Paris >
          • Tom Foley's Turn
        • Chapter Eleven: Wooing the Foreign Exhibitors
        • Chapter Twelve: Wooing the Domestic Exhibitors
        • Chapter Thirteen: The Environmental Debate
        • Chapter Fourteen: Building the Fair
        • Chapter Fifteen: Marketing, Money, and Management
      • Part IV: The Fair by the Falls >
        • Chapter Sixteen: Opening Day
        • Chapter Seventeen: A Mingling of Peoples
        • Chapter Eighteen: Days at the Fair
        • Chapter Nineteen: The Press of New Ideas
        • Chapter Twenty: The Final Tally
      • Part V: An American Environment >
        • Chapter Twenty-One: Spokane Falls, An American Environment
      • The Fair and the Falls Map

Outline: The Native Americans: October 11, 1492

American Realities, I,1  “The Native Americans: October 11, 1492” 

(This outline is not a “substitute” for reading the chapter, but it may help you review the story and understand it better.)

Overview: The story of America began long before the voyages of Christopher Columbus and other European explorers. Thousands of years before the Spanish reached the shores of the New world and thanked God for their safe landing at San Salvador, indigenous peoples spread across the landscape shaping it to fit their unique cultural practices, diets, and lifestyles. These complex societies would be irrevocably changed by the mass influx of European soldiers and settlers, but for thousands of years they were the only civilizations in the Americas.

Outline

1. Native Peoples of Mexico: Tulum, the Mayans’ tradition, Toltec invasion, diet (venison, maize, seafood), Cozumel and Izchel, trade and contact, Aztecs and Tenochtitlan,chinampas, Huitzilopochtli, emperor, religion, expansion, tribute, human sacrifice, marketplaces, barter, oral tradition: history, theology and philosophy, priests, “…ideological framework for an orderly world…” tools, adult life, marriage, value of goodness, traditions,  “…beget children of good stature, healthy, agile and comely.”

2. Native Peoples of the Future United States: Timuquans, farm practices, hunting, food preservation, Council of State, battlefield tactics, victory trophies, grieving processes, peace times, clothing and bodily adornments, religious practices, marriage. The Natchez, Mississippi River, mound building, Cahokia, the Great Sun, funeral traditions, Emerald Mound, social order, Stinkards, exogamy. Distinctive cultures, trade within Indigenous populations.

3. The Arrival of Spanish Explorers: Christopher Columbus, China, diet on ships, sacred observances, Ave Maria, signs of land, Pinta, “Land! Land!” San Salvador, Arawak interaction, peaceful relations and trade, American products (maize, potatoes, and tobacco), loss of the Santa Maria, gold ornaments, Viking antecedents, the “Columbian Exchange,” Old World disease in New World, Amerigo Vespucci, Martin Waldseemuller and America, slow spread of contact, Hernando Cortes, Native cultural influence, the “pristine myth,” Hernando De Soto, buffalo, humanity of American history.

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