American Realities with Bill Youngs
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    • Gods Messengers: Religious Leadership in Colonial New England, 1700-1750 >
      • Table of Contents
      • Preface
      • Chapter 1: The Ministers and Their Times
      • Chapter 2: The Minister's Calling
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    • The Congregationalists >
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    • Eleanor Roosevelt: A Personal and Public Life >
      • Prologue: The South Pacific, 1943 >
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      • A Victorian Family
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      • Volume One >
        • The Native Americans
        • The English Background
        • The British American
        • Reform in Colonial America
        • Divided Loyalties
        • The American Revolution
        • Testing the Constitution
        • Republican Nationalism
        • The Limits of Jacksonian Democracy
        • Abolitionists and Anti-abolitionists
        • Texas Revolution
        • Reform in the Early Republic
        • Manifest Destiny
        • A Slave's Story
        • The Civil War >
          • Two Soldiers
      • Volume Two >
        • The “Taming” of the West
        • Beyond Emancipation
        • The New Industrial Era
        • The Birth of Environmentalism
        • New Immigrants
        • Expanding American Democracy
        • World War I
        • Modernity versus Tradition
        • The New Deal
        • Total War
        • The Cold War
        • The Civil Rights Movement
        • Turmoil on the Campuses
        • The New Computer Age
        • America, the Cold War, and Beyond
      • Additional Essays >
        • Norsemen in the New World
    • The Fair and the Falls >
      • Part I: Possessing the Falls >
        • Chapter One: James Glover: Purchasing the Falls
        • Chapter Two: Waiting for the Indians
        • Chapter Three: Harnessing the Falls
        • Chapter Four: "The World's Fair of the Northwest"
        • Chapter Five: The City Beside the Falls
      • Part II: Rediscovering the Falls >
        • Chapter Six: The Twilight of Old Spokane
        • Chapter Seven: Urban Blight and Urban Renewal
        • Chapter Eight: King Cole and The Heart of a City
        • Chapter Nine: Visualizing a World's Fair
      • Part III Redesigning the Falls >
        • Chapter Ten: From Spokane to Paris >
          • Tom Foley's Turn
        • Chapter Eleven: Wooing the Foreign Exhibitors
        • Chapter Twelve: Wooing the Domestic Exhibitors
        • Chapter Thirteen: The Environmental Debate
        • Chapter Fourteen: Building the Fair
        • Chapter Fifteen: Marketing, Money, and Management
      • Part IV: The Fair by the Falls >
        • Chapter Sixteen: Opening Day
        • Chapter Seventeen: A Mingling of Peoples
        • Chapter Eighteen: Days at the Fair
        • Chapter Nineteen: The Press of New Ideas
        • Chapter Twenty: The Final Tally
      • Part V: An American Environment >
        • Chapter Twenty-One: Spokane Falls, An American Environment
      • The Fair and the Falls Map

Outline: The British American: William Byrd in Two Worlds

American Realities, I,3  “The British American: William Byrd in Two Worlds”

(This outline is not a “substitute” for reading the chapter, but it may help you review the story and understand it better.)

Overview: Europeans lived in the New World for several generations before they began to think of themselves as Americans. Britain dominated their government and culture: the colonists honored a British ruler and admired British literature, music, and architecture. By 1700 Americans possessed most of the coastal regions, but looked eastward across the Atlantic rather than westward over the Appalachians to discover who they were. William Byrd’s career demonstrates the colonists’ tendency to regard England as home. Byrd spent much of his life in England pursuing his fortune. However, it was in America that he and other settlers found the greatest use for their talents.

Outline

1. Celebrating King George in America: solitary campfire, surveying a dividing line, the king's birthday, liquor, William Byrd, two worlds, provincial Virginia, Georgian England, half British and half American.

2. William Byrd's early life in America and England: trying to locate himself, full of contradictions, peculiarly vital and accessible human being, William Byrd I,  Captain Thomas Stegg, Virginia, somewhat civilized wilderness, Virginia estate, Marie Horsemaden Filmer, William Byrd II, tobacco, English manufactured goods, plantation, African slaves, Trading Path, Catawbas, Cherokee, House of Burgesses, colonial ruling elite, Bacon’s Rebellion, unauthorized frontier war, Nathaniel Bacon, Byrd siding with Berkeley, Provincial Court, receiver general, son goes to England for schooling, 1681, Daniel Horsemanden, Felsted School, Christopher Glasscock, classical education, Netherlands, "fine business sense," Middle Temple, law, Temple Theater, Drury Lane, Queen's Theatre, Royal Society, youthful "intrigues," London's nightlife, London prostitutes, temporary alliances, Lady Elizabeth Cromwell, Ireland, "perfectly out of truth," Virginia, "agent" of Virginia Assembly, Westover, James River, six thousand acres, supervised the planting and harvesting,

3. Byrd's Marriage to Lucy Parke: Time to find a wife, dazzling conversationalist, charming escort, Lucy Parke, colonial aristocracy, "dirty plebian," volatile personalities, intimate account, obscure shorthand, Marion Tinling, William Byrd and his wife supervise the plantation,  playing cards or billiards, reading books, Archbishop Tillotson, dancing, walking in the garden, Lucy singing to William, violent quarrels, feminine "weakness," difficult husband, discoursing in Latin, library as his own province, criticized her handling the servants, "enough to make a man mad," eyebrow plucking, attacked with a poker, periods of mutual tenderness, times of reciprocal hospitality, roger, flourish, many moods of the couples love, faithful husband.

4. Byrd's search for power: Virginia and Carolina wilderness, desire for power, thirst for land, slaves, "my people," administer a beating, commander of the Virginia militia, "... respected like a king," not a king, power in London, receiver general, Governor's Council, lieutenant governor, Alexander Spotswood, conflict with the governor, "an honor to Virginia," smallpox, Board of Trade, he and Spotswood came to an understanding, courting “Sabina,” Mary Smith, Sabina's father, "...estate in the moon," a fixed place in London society, Will’s Coffee House, St. James Park, excessive frivolity, London gadabout, three tiers in his relationships, his mistress, prostitutes, women encounters, Lord Orrery, Lady Orrery, venereal disease, Pierson, Lady Elizabeth Lee, Maria Taylor.

5. Settling down in Virginia: Experiment with new crops, carry parts of the great world to Virginia, library, cultivated and interesting minds, The Beggar’s Opera, rooted in American soil, surrounded by family,“Ode to a Fart,” lighthearted without being frivolous, Westover Manuscript, The History of the Dividing Line, Bearskin, "Steady," magnificent brick mansion, "like one of the patriarchs," "innocent scenes that divert leisure," "simplicity, innocence and nature," supervised work at Westover, 180,000 acres, Robert (“King”) Carter, serene quality, sense of humor, presidency of the Virginia Council, buried in Westover garden, single fabric of patriotism.

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